Fatores associados a não reconstrução do trânsito intestinal em pacientes com câncer retal submetidos à ressecção anterior do reto e ileostomia de proteção / Factors preventing restoration of bowel continuity in patients with rectal cancer submitted to anterior rectal resection and protective ileostomy

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar os fatores associados ao não fechamento de ileostomia protetora após ressecção anterior do reto com excisão total do mesorreto por câncer retal, a morbidade associada ao fechamento destas ileostomias e a taxa de estomia permanente em pacientes com adenocarcinoma retal. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo de 174 pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de tumores retais, dos quais 92 foram submetidos à ressecção anterior do reto com intenção curativa, anastomose coloanal ou colorretal e ileostomia de proteção. Foi realizada análise multivariada visando a determinar os fatores associados à permanência definitiva da estomia, assim como o estudo da morbidade nos que se submeteram à reconstrução do trânsito. Resultados: no período de seguimento de 84 meses, 54 dos 92 pacientes avaliados (58,7%) tiveram a ileostomia fechada e 38 (41,3%) permaneceram com a estomia. Entre os 62 pacientes que tiveram a ileostomia fechada, 11 (17,7%) apresentaram algum tipo de complicação pós-operatória: três com deiscência de anastomose ileal, cinco com obstrução intestinal, dois com infecção de ferida operatória e um com pneumonia. Oito destes pacientes necessitaram de um novo estoma. Conclusão: de acordo com a análise multivariada, os fatores associados à permanência da estomia foram fístula de anastomose, presença de metástases e fechamento da ileostomia durante quimioterapia.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the factors associated with non-closure of protective ileostomy after anterior resection of the rectum with total mesorectum excision for rectal cancer, the morbidity associated with the closure of ileostomies and the rate of permanent ileostomy in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma. Methods: we conducted a retrospective study with 174 consecutive patients diagnosed with rectal tumors, of whom 92 underwent anterior resection of the rectum with coloanal or colorectal anastomosis and protective ileostomy, with curative intent. We carried out a multivariate analysis to determine the factors associated with definite permanence of the stoma, as well as studied the morbidity of patients who underwent bowel continuity restoration. Results: In the 84-month follow-up period, 54 of the 92 patients evaluated (58.7%) had the ileostomy closed and 38 (41.3%) remained with the stoma. Among the 62 patients who had the ileostomy closed, 11 (17.7%) presented some type of postoperative complication: three had ileal anastomosis dehiscence, five had intestinal obstruction, two had surgical wound infection, and one, pneumonia. Eight of these patients required a new stoma. Conclusion: according to the multivariate analysis, the factors associated with stoma permanence were anastomotic fistula, presence of metastases and closure of the ileostomy during chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma nasofaríngeo en una paciente de diez años de edad: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma in a 10 year old patient: Case report and review of the literature

El adenocarcinoma nasofaríngeo primario (NAC, por sus siglas en inglés: Nasopharyngeal Adenocarcinoma) es una neoplasia muy rara. Se cree que se origina en las glándulas salivales menores, y representa aproximadamente el 0,5% de todos los cánceres de la nasofaringe. Tiene una serie de características clínicas, que incluyen un inicio insidioso con síntomas progresivos, como la obstrucción nasal y epistaxis, que se extienden por un período de semanas a varios meses. La mayoría de estos tumores se observan en pacientes de edad media (entre los 30-50 años). Se presenta el caso de una paciente de diez años de edad, con obstrucción nasal progresiva y rinitis, a quien se le diagnosticó un adenocarcinoma nasofaríngeo. Lamentablemente, no hay estrategias terapéuticas establecidas; sin embargo, la resección quirúrgica es el tratamiento de elección, con radioterapia concomitante o sin ella. Estas estrategias son similares a las recomendadas para el carcinoma escamocelular nasofaríngeo, pues casi todos los pacientes se benefician del tratamiento quirúrgico; no obstante, el papel de la quimioterapia y la radioterapia aún no es claro. Un sistema de clasificación correcta y la gestión de un tratamiento más específico para el manejo del adenocarcinoma nasofaríngeo deben establecerse...

Primary Nasopharyngeal Adenocarcinoma (NAC) is an extremely rare neoplasm believed to originate from minor salivary glands which accounts for approximately 0.5% of all nasopharyngeal cancer. It has a series of clinical characteristics including an insidious onset with slow progressive symptoms, such as nasal obstruction and epistaxis that spans a period of weeks to several months. Most of these tumors are seen in middle aged patients (30-50 years of age). We report a case of a 10 year old female patient presenting with progressive nasal obstruction and rhinitis who was diagnosed with a NAC. Unfortunately no treatment strategies are established; however surgical management is the treatment of choice, with or without concomitant radiotherapy. These strategies are similar to the ones recommended for nasopharyngeal squamous carcinoma. Almost all patients benefit from surgery, nevertheless the role of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is not clear. An accurate staging system and most select management for NAC needed to be established...

Residual facial disfigurement after the ablative surgery of a lachrymal gland carcinoma: a clinical report of the prosthetic rehabilitation.

Facial disfigurement after ablative surgery of a massive adeno-carcinoma of the lachrymal gland is described. A rehabilitation with a maxillofacial prosthesis was proposed to restore the aesthetic appearance of the patient without inserting craniofacial implants. Retention of a maxillofacial prosthesis, that is not anchored to implants, depends on the use of adhesives or on mechanical devices like glasses. This clinic report describes a residual anatomic defect which allowed for the double choice of wearing the facial prosthesis both with or without glasses. A retentive backside of the prosthesis was developed to engage the facial defect undercuts, which enhanced retention when the patient used the skin glue without glasses. A unique foam silicone was utilized to reduce the weight of the prosthesis and to permit its retention only by skin adhesive.